Dana B. Harrar, Catherine L. Salussolia, Patrick Vittner, Amy Danehy, Sonali Sen, Robert Whitehill, Jessica H. Chao, Miya E. Bernson-Leung, Michael J. Rivkin
Boston Children’s Hospital.
United States
Pediatric Neurology
Pediatr Neurol 2019; 100: 42-48
DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2019.07.005
Abstract
Background: Children with cardiac disease are at high risk for stroke. Approximately one-quarter of strokes in children with cardiac disease occur in the peri-procedural period; yet, the risk factors, clinical presentation, and treatment of post-catheterization stroke in children have not been well defined.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of the medical records of patients aged zero to 18 years with a new clinically-apparent arterial ischemic stroke after cardiac catheterization at a tertiary children’s hospital from 2006 to 2016. We excluded patients who had cardiac surgery, a cardiac arrest, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, a ventricular assist device, or an arrhythmia proximate to their stroke.
Results: Twenty children had a new clinically-apparent post-catheterization arterial ischemic stroke. The median age was one year (range, two days to 16 years). The most common procedures were balloon dilation for pulmonary vein stenosis (n = 6) and systemic pulmonary collateral closure (n = 5). The most common presenting symptoms were arm weakness (n = 10) and seizure (n = 8). The median time from catheterization to symptom discovery was 31.5 hours (interquartile range, 16.2 to 47.8 hours; n = 18). The median Pediatric Stroke Outcome Measure score 12 months post-stroke was 0.75 (range, 0 to 2; n = 6).
Conclusions: Although arterial ischemic stroke after cardiac catheterization is rare, better understanding this entity is important as children with cardiac disease and stroke have ongoing morbidity. Ameliorating this morbidity requires efforts aimed at preventing and rapidly detecting stroke, thereby enabling timely institution of neuroprotective measures and treatment with hyperacute therapies.
Category
Stenosis or Obstruction of Normal Pulmonary Venous Connections
Stenosis or Obstruction of Pulmonary Veins Following Surgical Repair of Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connections
Catheter-mediated Interventions: Adverse Effects or Lack of Adverse Effects
Year of Publication: 2019
Age Focus: Pediatric
Article Type: Retrospective Observational Cohort Studies (>10 patients)
Article Access: Free PDF File or Full Text Article Available Through PubMed or DOI: No